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f ( x ) = x 5 2 x , between x = 1 and x = 2.

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f ( x ) = x 4 + 4 , between x = 1 and x = 3 .

f ( 1 ) = 3 and f ( 3 ) = 77. Sign change confirms.

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f ( x ) = −2 x 3 x , between x = –1 and x = 1.

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f ( x ) = x 3 100 x + 2 , between x = 0.01 and x = 0.1

f ( 0.01 ) = 1.000001 and f ( 0.1 ) = 7.999. Sign change confirms.

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For the following exercises, find the zeros and give the multiplicity of each.

f ( x ) = ( x + 2 ) 3 ( x 3 ) 2

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f ( x ) = x 2 ( 2 x + 3 ) 5 ( x 4 ) 2

0 with multiplicity 2, 3 2 with multiplicity 5, 4 with multiplicity 2

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f ( x ) = x 3 ( x 1 ) 3 ( x + 2 )

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f ( x ) = x 2 ( x 2 + 4 x + 4 )

0 with multiplicity 2, –2 with multiplicity 2

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f ( x ) = ( 2 x + 1 ) 3 ( 9 x 2 6 x + 1 )

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f ( x ) = ( 3 x + 2 ) 5 ( x 2 10 x + 25 )

2 3 with multiplicity 5 , 5 with multiplicity 2

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f ( x ) = x ( 4 x 2 12 x + 9 ) ( x 2 + 8 x + 16 )

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f ( x ) = x 6 x 5 2 x 4

0 with multiplicity 4 , 2 with multiplicity 1 , 1 with multiplicity 1

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f ( x ) = 3 x 4 + 6 x 3 + 3 x 2

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f ( x ) = 4 x 5 12 x 4 + 9 x 3

3 2 with multiplicity 2, 0 with multiplicity 3

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f ( x ) = 2 x 4 ( x 3 4 x 2 + 4 x )

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f ( x ) = 4 x 4 ( 9 x 4 12 x 3 + 4 x 2 )

0 with multiplicity 6 , 2 3 with multiplicity 2

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Graphical

For the following exercises, graph the polynomial functions. Note x - and y - intercepts, multiplicity, and end behavior.

f ( x ) = ( x + 3 ) 2 ( x 2 )

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g ( x ) = ( x + 4 ) ( x 1 ) 2

x -intercepts, ( 1, 0 ) with multiplicity 2, ( 4 ,   0 ) with multiplicity 1, y - intercept ( 0 ,   4 ). As x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x ) .

Graph of g(x)=(x+4)(x-1)^2.
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h ( x ) = ( x 1 ) 3 ( x + 3 ) 2

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k ( x ) = ( x 3 ) 3 ( x 2 ) 2

x -intercepts ( 3 , 0 ) with multiplicity 3, ( 2 , 0 ) with multiplicity 2, y - intercept ( 0 , 108 ) . As x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x ) .

Graph of k(x)=(x-3)^3(x-2)^2.
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m ( x ) = 2 x ( x 1 ) ( x + 3 )

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n ( x ) = 3 x ( x + 2 ) ( x 4 )

x -intercepts ( 0 ,   0 ) ,   ( 2 ,   0 ) ,   ( 4 , 0 ) with multiplicity 1, y - intercept ( 0 ,   0 ) . As x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x ) .

Graph of n(x)=-3x(x+2)(x-4).
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For the following exercises, use the graphs to write the formula for a polynomial function of least degree.

Graph of a negative odd-degree polynomial with zeros at x=-3, 1, and 3.

f ( x ) = 2 9 ( x 3 ) ( x + 1 ) ( x + 3 )

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Graph of a positive odd-degree polynomial with zeros at x=-2, and 3.

f ( x ) = 1 4 ( x + 2 ) 2 ( x 3 )

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For the following exercises, use the graph to identify zeros and multiplicity.

Graph of a negative even-degree polynomial with zeros at x=-4, -2, 1, and 3.

–4, –2, 1, 3 with multiplicity 1

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Graph of a positive even-degree polynomial with zeros at x=-2,, and 3.

–2, 3 each with multiplicity 2

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For the following exercises, use the given information about the polynomial graph to write the equation.

Degree 3. Zeros at x = –2, x = 1, and x = 3. y -intercept at ( 0 , –4 ) .

f ( x ) = 2 3 ( x + 2 ) ( x 1 ) ( x 3 )

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Degree 3. Zeros at x = –5, x = –2 , and x = 1. y -intercept at ( 0 , 6 )

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Degree 5. Roots of multiplicity 2 at x = 3 and x = 1 , and a root of multiplicity 1 at x = –3. y -intercept at ( 0 , 9 )

f ( x ) = 1 3 ( x 3 ) 2 ( x 1 ) 2 ( x + 3 )

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Degree 4. Root of multiplicity 2 at x = 4, and a roots of multiplicity 1 at x = 1 and x = –2. y -intercept at ( 0 , 3 ) .

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Degree 5. Double zero at x = 1 , and triple zero at x = 3. Passes through the point ( 2 , 15 ) .

f ( x ) = −15 ( x 1 ) 2 ( x 3 ) 3

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Degree 3. Zeros at x = 4 , x = 3 , and x = 2. y -intercept at ( 0 , −24 ) .

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Degree 3. Zeros at x = −3 , x = −2 and x = 1. y -intercept at ( 0 , 12 ) .

f ( x ) = 2 ( x + 3 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x 1 )

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Degree 5. Roots of multiplicity 2 at x = −3 and x = 2 and a root of multiplicity 1 at x = −2.

y -intercept at ( 0 ,   4 ) .

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Degree 4. Roots of multiplicity 2 at x = 1 2 and roots of multiplicity 1 at x = 6 and x = −2.

y -intercept at ( 0, 18 ) .

f ( x ) = 3 2 ( 2 x 1 ) 2 ( x 6 ) ( x + 2 )

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Double zero at x = −3 and triple zero at x = 0. Passes through the point ( 1 , 32 ) .

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Technology

For the following exercises, use a calculator to approximate local minima and maxima or the global minimum and maximum.

f ( x ) = x 3 x 1

local max ( .58, – .62 ) , local min ( .58, –1 .38 )

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f ( x ) = 2 x 3 3 x 1

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f ( x ) = x 4 + x

global min ( .63, – .47 )

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f ( x ) = x 4 + 3 x 2

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f ( x ) = x 4 x 3 + 1

global min ( .75,  .89)

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Extensions

For the following exercises, use the graphs to write a polynomial function of least degree.

Graph of a positive odd-degree polynomial with zeros at x=--200, and 500 and y=50000000.

f ( x ) = ( x 500 ) 2 ( x + 200 )

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Real-world applications

For the following exercises, write the polynomial function that models the given situation.

A rectangle has a length of 10 units and a width of 8 units. Squares of x by x units are cut out of each corner, and then the sides are folded up to create an open box. Express the volume of the box as a polynomial function in terms of x .

f ( x ) = 4 x 3 36 x 2 + 80 x

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Consider the same rectangle of the preceding problem. Squares of 2 x by 2 x units are cut out of each corner. Express the volume of the box as a polynomial in terms of x .

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A square has sides of 12 units. Squares x   + 1 by x   + 1 units are cut out of each corner, and then the sides are folded up to create an open box. Express the volume of the box as a function in terms of x .

f ( x ) = 4 x 3 36 x 2 + 60 x + 100

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A cylinder has a radius of x + 2 units and a height of 3 units greater. Express the volume of the cylinder as a polynomial function.

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A right circular cone has a radius of 3 x + 6 and a height 3 units less. Express the volume of the cone as a polynomial function. The volume of a cone is V = 1 3 π r 2 h for radius r and height h .

f ( x ) = π ( 9 x 3 + 45 x 2 + 72 x + 36 )

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Questions & Answers

find the equation of the tangent to the curve y=2x³-x²+3x+1 at the points x=1 and x=3
Esther Reply
derivative of logarithms function
Iqra Reply
how to solve this question
sidra
ex 2.1 question no 11
khansa
anyone can help me
khansa
question please
Rasul
ex 2.1 question no. 11
khansa
i cant type here
khansa
Find the derivative of g(x)=−3.
Abdullah Reply
any genius online ? I need help!!
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plz help me in question
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Tlou
evaluate the following computation (x³-8/x-2)
Murtala Reply
teach me how to solve the first law of calculus.
Uncle Reply
teach me also how to solve the first law of calculus
Bilson
what is differentiation
Ibrahim Reply
only god knows😂
abdulkadir
f(x) = x-2 g(x) = 3x + 5 fog(x)? f(x)/g(x)
Naufal Reply
fog(x)= f(g(x)) = x-2 = 3x+5-2 = 3x+3 f(x)/g(x)= x-2/3x+5
diron
pweding paturo nsa calculus?
jimmy
how to use fundamental theorem to solve exponential
JULIA Reply
find the bounded area of the parabola y^2=4x and y=16x
Omar Reply
what is absolute value means?
Geo Reply
Chicken nuggets
Hugh
🐔
MM
🐔🦃 nuggets
MM
(mathematics) For a complex number a+bi, the principal square root of the sum of the squares of its real and imaginary parts, √a2+b2 . Denoted by | |. The absolute value |x| of a real number x is √x2 , which is equal to x if x is non-negative, and −x if x is negative.
Ismael
find integration of loge x
Game Reply
find the volume of a solid about the y-axis, x=0, x=1, y=0, y=7+x^3
Godwin Reply
how does this work
Brad Reply
Can calculus give the answers as same as other methods give in basic classes while solving the numericals?
Cosmos Reply
log tan (x/4+x/2)
Rohan
please answer
Rohan
y=(x^2 + 3x).(eipix)
Claudia
is this a answer
Ismael
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Source:  OpenStax, College algebra. OpenStax CNX. Feb 06, 2015 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11759/1.3
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